Testis and Epididymis: Miscellaneous Lesions of Tunica Vaginalis

Miscellaneous Lesions of Tunica Vaginalis :
Conditions include the following:
Hydrocele: Accumulation of serous fluid within the tunica vaginalis, either secondary to generalized edema or due to incomplete closure of the processus vaginalis. A hydrocele may become secondarily infected.
Hematocele: Accumulation of blood within the tunica vaginalis secondary to trauma, torsion, or hemorrhage; a generalized bleeding diathesis; or, rarely, invasion of the tunica by neoplasms.
Chylocele: Accumulation of lymphatic fluid within the tunica vaginalis, secondary to lymphatic obstruction (Example: In patients with elephantiasis).
Spermatocele: Local accumulation of semen in the spermatic cord, generally within a dilated duct in the head of the epididymis.
Varicocele: Local accumulation of blood within a dilated vein in the spermatic cord (internal spermatic veins that drain the testicle).It is a very common condition present in 15% of the general male population and 40% of men evaluated for infertility. A varicocele develops because of defective valves that normally allow for blood to flow away from the testicle toward the abdomen. Testicular injury occurs due to abnormal back flow of blood from the abdomen into the scrotum and this creates a hostile environment for sperm development.